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发表于 2004-11-30 20:08
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46、regedit.exe的参数:
filename 导入 .reg 文件进注册表
/s 导入 .reg 文件进注册表(安静模式)
/e 导出注册表文件
例:regedit /e filename.reg HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM
/L:system 指定 system.dat
/R:user 指定 user.dat
/C 压缩 [文件名] (Windows 98)
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47、“.reg”文件全攻略
有的时候为了方便修改注册表,我们会制作一些脚本,但是不管是inf文件还是vbs脚本,我觉得还是只有.reg文件是最方便的。关于注册表的操作,常见的是创建、修改、删除。
--创建
创建分为两种,一种是创建子项(Subkey)
注:如果你对注册表的命名不是很清楚,可以看看注册表命名标准手册(http://www.sometips.com/tips/registryhack/204.htm)
我们创建一个文件,内容如下:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Test4Adam]
然后执行该脚本,你就已经在HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\下创建了一个名字为“Test4Adam”的子项。
另一种是创建一个项目名称
那这种文件格式就是典型的文件格式,和你从注册表中导出的文件格式一致,内容如下:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Test4Adam]
"Test1"="Adam"
"Test2"=hex:61
"Test3"=dword:00000064
Test1的类型是“String value”
Test2的类型是“Binary value”
Test3的类型是“DWORD value”
注意:如果你的注册表中不存在Test4Adam这个子项,那么该脚本会为你创建该子项。
--修改
修改相对来说比较简单,只要把你需要修改的项目导出,然后用记事本进行修改,然后导入即可,在此我就不再赘述。
--删除
我们首先来说说删除一个项目名称,我们创建一个如下的文件:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Test4Adam]
"Test1"=-
执行该脚本,HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Test4Adam下的"Test1"就被删除了;
我们再看看删除一个子项,我们创建一个如下的脚本:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Test4Adam]
执行该脚本,HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Test4Adam就已经被删除了。
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48、POWER USERS GROUP:
POWER USERS组的成员可以修改非管理性用户的帐号,启动默认情况下没有启动的服务(注意,一个POWER USERS组的成员不能够停止一个系统服务),该组成员不可以修改管理员的帐号密码,安装系统服务或修改操作系统文件。
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49、远程备份和还原:
可在远程计算机上的BOOT.INI文件中的相应操作系统路径后加上/safeboot:dsrepair命令选项,引导远程机器进入恢复模式,然后使用计划任务或AT命令实现备份和恢复。实现远程重新启动可以用2000、XP、2003中的相应管理程序。
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50、RAS client获得DHCP options:
the mobile users receive their IP configurations from the Remote Access Server,but they are not able to receive any DHCP options. In order to enable this, a DHCP relay agent must be configured on the Remote Access server. This will allow DHCPINform, which are used to obtain Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) and Domain Name System (DNS) addresses, domain name, Default Gateway or other DHCP options originating from the DHCP server, to reach the mobile clients.
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51、使用NETSH命令复制IAS设置:
Remote Access Policies are not stored in Active Directory; they are stored locally in the
IAS.MDB file. To copy the IAS configuration to another server we must type netsh aaaa show config<path>\file.txt at the command prompt. This stores the configuration settings, including registry settings, in a text file. The path can be relative, absolute, or a UNC path. We must then copy the file we created to the destination computer, and at a command prompt on the destination computer, type netsh exec <path>\file.txt. A message will appear indicating whether the update was successful or not.
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52、DHCP用户类:
User classes allow DHCP clients to differentiate themselves by specifying a User Class option.When available for client use, this option includes a user-determined class ID that can help to group clients of similar configuration needs within a scope, such as providing a shorter lease time for portable computers that move frequently or use remote access often. Typically a DHCP server will be used to distribute different options that are specific to the needs of clients.
To configure a User Class Lease Time we must open the DHCP console, select the DHCP Server, open Scope,
Right click Scope options, select Configure Options, select the Advanced ban, Select appropriate Vendor Class and User Class (=Windows2000LapTopComputers in this example), Select 051 Lease, and Enter lease time:14400 (4 hours = 14400 seconds)
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53、移动DHCP数据库:
To move the DHCP Database we must first stop the DHCP service on the old server, back up the Registry key HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\DhcpServer\Configuration, and install DCHP on the new server.We must then stop the DHCP service on the new server and restore the Registry key from the old server onto the new server. Then we must delete the contents of C:\WINNT\System32\DHCP on the new server, copy the database file DHCP.MDB from the old server onto the new server but not the transaction logging (*.LOG) and checkpoint (*.CHK) files and start the DHCP Service on the new server. Finally we must reconcile all scopes on the new server to synchronize the database with the Registry.
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54、DNS老化记录功能:
Previous versions of Microsoft operating systems that do not support dynamic Domain Name System (DNS) require that a static DNS entry use a static IP address whenever possible. If we upgrade to Microsoft Windows 2000 and our present DNS server is Windows 2000, the IP address will remain the same,but the DNS "A" record remains static. However, the static PTR record is converted to a dynamic entry and is subject to the aging process. The Windows 2000 Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS) client does not overwrite an existing "A" record if the IP addresses match. To convert static entries to dynamic entries, we must use the /AgeAllRecords option in the Dnscmd.exe command.
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55、Nbtstat中一个有用的命令:
nbtstat –RR:releases names registered with a WINS server and then renews their registrations. This will release obsolete records and all WINS clients will get registered properly again.
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56、DNS的fast zone transfer format:
By default, all Windows-based DNS servers use a fast zone transfer format, which uses compression and can include multiple records per TCP message during a connected transfer. This format is also compatible with more recent Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND -based DNS servers that run versions 4.9.4 and later.
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57、98/2000/xp/2003访问xp的问题
有人说启用guest、有人甚至说安装netbeui等。现将正确的说法总结一下,注意我只说网络连接正常且权限允许的情况下98/2000/xp/2003访问xp/2003的用户验证问题。
首先关于启用guest为什么不能访问的问题。
1。默认情况下,xp 禁用guest帐户
2。默认情况下,xp的本地安全策略禁止guest用户从网络访问
3。默认情况下,xp的本地安全策略-用户权限指派里,“空密码用户只能进行控制台登陆”是启用的,也就是说,空密码的任何帐户都不能从网络访问只能本地登陆,guest默认空密码···
所以,如果需要使用guest用户访问xp的话,要进行上面的三个设置:启用guest、修改安全策略允许guest从网络访问、禁用3里面的安全策略或者给guest加个密码。
有时还会遇到另外一种情况:访问xp的时候,登录对话框中的用户名是灰的,始终是guest用户,不能输入别的用户帐号。
原因是这个安全策略在作怪(管理工具-本地安全策略-安全选项-“网络访问:本地帐户的共享和安全模式”)。默认情况下,xp的访问方式是“仅来宾”的方式,那么你访问它,当然就固定为guest不能输入其他用户帐号了。
所以,访问xp最简单的方法就是:不用启用guest,仅修改上面的安全策略为“经典”就行了。别的系统访问xp就可以自己输入帐户信息。
至于访问2003,默认情况下2003禁用guest,但是没有xp 那个讨厌的默认自相矛盾的来宾方式共享,所以可以直接输入用户名密码访问。
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58、IPX/SPX frame type:
NetWare 3.11 uses the 802.3 frame type. Netware 3.12 and above uses the 802.2 frame type. This network has both NetWare 3.11 and NetWare 4.1 servers, so both Frame Types must be installed. Installation of multiple frame types on a Windows 2000 Professional requires editing of the Registry, specifically add both types to the multi-string value PktType in HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\NwlnkIPX\Parameters\Adapters\<ID>, where <ID> is the network adapter identifier.
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59、四种编码方式:
ANSI:系统预设的标准文字储存格式。ANSI是American National Standards Institute的缩写。它成立于1918年,是一个自愿性的组织,拥有超过1300个会员,包括所有大型的电脑公司。ANSI专为电脑
工业建立标准,它是世界上相当重要的标准。
Unicode:世界上所有主要指令文件的联集,包括商业和个人电脑所使用的公用字集。当采用Unicode格式储存文件时,可使用Unicode控制字符辅助说明语言的文字覆盖范围,如阿拉伯语、希伯来语。用
户在“记事本”中输入含有Unicode字符的文字并储存文件时,系统会提示你必须选取“另存为”中的Unicode编码,这些字符才不会被遗失。需要提醒大家的是,部分Windows 2000字型无法显示所有的Unicode字符。如果发现文件中缺少了某些字符,只需将其变更为其它字型即可。
Unicode big endian:在Big-endian处理器(如苹果Macintosh电脑)上建立的Unicode文件中的文字位元组(存放单位)排列顺序,与在Intel处理器上建立的文件的文字位元组排列顺序相反。最重要的位元组拥有最低的地址,且会先储存文字中较大的一端。为使这类电脑的用户能够存取你的文件,可选择Unicode big-endian格式。
UTF-8:UTF意为通用字集转换格式(Universal Character Set Transformation format),UTF-8是Unicode的8位元格式。如果使用只能在同类位元组内支持8个位元的重要资料一类的旧式传输媒体,可选择UTF-8格式。
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60、CA证书的吊销:
Revoking a certificate is a two step process first we must revoke the certificate and then create (this is done automatically) and publish the Certificate Revocation List (CRL). Finally, the Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) must be accessible to all users. It should be put in a network share and the users should have appropriate (read) permission to the share.
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61、在网络邻居中隐藏你的计算机,2000绝对可用
有两种办法:
A.编辑注册表:
将HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanManServer\Parameters 下Hidden的值从0设置为1,该值是DWORD类型.
B.运行如下命令:
net config server /hidden:yes
这样用户可能连接到你的计算机但不能够在网络邻居中看到你.
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