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先来个英文版的数据源和SQL语句
一、从SQL语句严格的替换法分析,见sheet2中的效果,也就是SQL语句处理出来的结果还是保留原来的字段,本帖主要分析这个效果语句
1、1 生成唯一的方法
1、1、1DISTINCT 默认升序
SELECT DISTINCT Location FROM [Sheet1$]
1、1、2、group by 默认升序
SELECT Location FROM [Sheet1$] group by Location
1、2 生成序号的方法
1、2、1、用对1求和的方法SUM(1)
Select *,
(Select SUM(1)
from Table where keyField <= a.keyField) as ID
from Table a
order by keyField
1、2、2、用计数的方法count(*)
Select *,
(Select count(*)
from Table where keyField <= a.keyField) as ID
from Table a
order by keyField
注: keyField-关键字段
Table-表名
整个句子的结构用了一层嵌套,括号里的为一个查询结果
from Table a 将表取名为a,是为了条件判断时区分哪个表中的字段
查询结果为表中字段值满足小于或等于表a中的字段值
在最外层的查询中记录是一条一条查询的,所有内层查询结果就是对外层表a的逐个字段值进行的统计结果,这样就形成了序列,如果该表中没重复值,结果为 字符升序的序列,如果有重复,重复字段取最大值。例如第二第三相同,序号就 出现两个3,1、3、3….
as ID :查询结果加上一个字段名“ID” 这里用来方便后面的调用。
1、3 求个数
1、3、1、 SUM(1) 方法:
Select SUM(1) from Table
1、3、2、 count(*)方法:
Select count(*) from Table
注:这里为求最大序号,等于求不重复值个数。为后面自动处理数据透视表中显示从小到大做准备的
1、4 唯一值的提取及序列的组合(两个唯一两个求和可以组合4种方法)
1、4、1 方法1、DISTINCT+SUM
Select (Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]) where location <= a.location) as ID , (Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$])) as NUM, location
from
(select DISTINCT Location FROM [Sheet1$]) a
1、4、2方法1、DISTINCT+SUM的解释
我们以一对括号作为一个查询结果,可以用作一个记录集,对它进行字段的处理。也可以用作一个表。
(select DISTINCT Location FROM [Sheet1$])
求唯一的这个查询就是作为一个表来引用
(Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]) where location <= a.location) as ID
这个嵌套的查询求出序列,命名为ID
(Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$])) as NUM
这个嵌套的查询求出最大序号,命名为NUM
后面仍然保留唯一值,是为了后面要调用的
这样我们就有了序号ID、最大序号NUM、和唯一值Location
1、5 、1 方法1、DISTINCT+SUM的字段的组合
select right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2,location from
(Select (Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]) where location <= a.location) as ID , (Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$])) as NUM,location
from
(select DISTINCT Location FROM [Sheet1$]) a)
1、5、2 方法1、DISTINCT+SUM的字段的组合的解释
select right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2,location from
(……)
1、5、2、1、括号里的就是我们得到序号ID,最大序号num和唯一的Location
1、5、2、2、用了4个IIF函数嵌套,为了获取序号有多少位
2003版excel的最大行号为65536,所有5位足够了,最大序号小于10为1位,最大序号小于100为2位,最大序号小于1000为3位,最大序号小于10000为4位,否则为5位。
1、5、2、3、我们在ID前面加5个空格符,通过判断num的大小截取右边几位,这样在用”-”来和Location来组合在一起。
1、5、2、4、我们把组合结果命名一个新字段Location2
1、5、2、5、后面要保留唯一Location的字段,后面要用来作为条件替换的。
1、6、1 方法1、DISTINCT+SUM实现Location2替换Location的功能
select b.location2, Month, Product, Quantity, Price, Sale
FROM [Sheet1$] ,
(select right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2,location from
(Select (Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]) where location <= a.location) as ID , (Select SUM(1) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$])) as NUM,location
from
(select DISTINCT Location FROM [Sheet1$]) a)) b
where `Sheet1$`.Location=b.location
1、6、2 方法1、DISTINCT+SUM实现Location2替换Location的功能语句的解释
select b.location2, Month, Product, Quantity, Price, Sale
FROM [Sheet1$] ,
(……) b
where `Sheet1$`.Location=b.location
1、6、2、1、我们可以简化刚才的语句
1、6、2、2、括号中是刚才解释过的语句,一个得到序号组合Location的结果
Location2以及Location,我们将结果命名为B表
1、6、2、3、FROM [Sheet1$] ,(……) b
整个语句是从两个并列的两个表中查询,
1、6、2、4、where `Sheet1$`.Location=b.location
条件是原始表中的Location和查询结果表B中的Location相同
1、6、2、5、这样就顺利地将查询表B中Location2取代了原来的Location
1、7、1 4种SQL语句两个唯一两个求和可以组合4种方法
1、7、1、1 方法1: DISTINCT+SUM(上面已分析)
1、7、1、2 方法2: DISTINCT+COUNT
select b.location2, Month, Product, Quantity, Price, Sale
FROM [Sheet1$] ,
(select right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2,location from
(Select (Select count(*) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]) where location <= a.location) as ID , (Select count(*) from
(select DISTINCT Location
FROM [Sheet1$])) as NUM,location
from
(select DISTINCT Location FROM [Sheet1$]) a)
) b
where `Sheet1$`.Location=b.location
1、7、1、3 方法3: Group by+SUM
select b.location2, Month, Product, Quantity, Price, Sale
FROM [Sheet1$] ,
(select right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2,location from
(Select (Select SUM(1) from
(SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]
group by Location) where location <= a.location) as ID , (Select SUM(1) from
(SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]
group by Location)) as NUM,location
from
(SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]
group by Location) a) ) b
where `Sheet1$`.Location=b.location
order by location2
1、7、1、4 方法4: Group by+COUNT
select b.location2, Month, Product, Quantity, Price, Sale
FROM [Sheet1$] ,
(select right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2,location from
(Select (Select count(*) from
(SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]
group by Location) where location <= a.location) as ID , (Select count(*) from
(SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]
group by Location)) as NUM,location
from
(SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$]
group by Location) a)) b
where `Sheet1$`.Location=b.location
order by location2
后3中方法组合原来同方法1本人不再累述。
二、考虑到数据导入到数据透视表的应用情况,我们忽略SQL语句中产生的字段,所以SQL语句可以简化
2、1 方法1
select * ,(select sum(1) from (select distinct Location FROM [sheet1$]) where Location<=a.Location) as ID,(select sum(1) from (select distinct Location FROM [sheet1$])) as num, right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2 from [sheet1$] a
2、2 方法2
select * ,(select count(*) from (select distinct Location FROM [sheet1$]) where Location<=a.Location) as ID,(select count(*) from (select distinct Location FROM [sheet1$])) as num, right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2 from [sheet1$] a
2、3 方法3
select * ,(select sum(1) from (SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$] group by Location) where Location<=a.Location) as ID,(select sum(1) from (SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$] group by Location)) as num, right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2 from [sheet1$] a
2、4 方法4
select * ,(select count(*) from (SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$] group by Location) where Location<=a.Location) as ID,(select count(*) from (SELECT Location
FROM [Sheet1$] group by Location)) as num, right(' '& ID,IIF(num<10, 1, IIF(num<100, 2, IIF(num<1000, 3, IIF(num<10000, 4, 5))))) & '-' & LOCATION as location2 from [sheet1$] a
[ 本帖最后由 BIN_YANG168 于 2009-5-28 13:03 编辑 ] |
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